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Introduction Data science, the interdisciplinary field combining statistics, computer science, and domain expertise to extract knowledge and insights from structured and unstructured data, has rapidly evolved from a niche academic…

Introduction The Internet of Things (IoT), the network of interconnected physical devices embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies for the purpose of exchanging data with other devices and systems…

Introduction The concept of “smart cities” – urban areas leveraging technology to improve efficiency, sustainability, and quality of life – has rapidly evolved from a futuristic vision to a global…

Introduction Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) technologies, once relegated to science fiction, are rapidly maturing, finding applications across diverse sectors. Their evolution is driven by advancements in computing…

Introduction The manufacturing landscape is undergoing a radical transformation, driven by the convergence of advanced technologies. Smart manufacturing, the integration of digital technologies into all facets of manufacturing, is at…