Introduction Deep learning, a subfield of machine learning, has rapidly evolved from a niche research area to a transformative technology impacting numerous sectors. Its foundation lies in artificial neural networks…

Introduction Quantum computing, once a futuristic concept confined to theoretical physics, is rapidly transitioning into a tangible technological reality. Driven by decades of fundamental research and recent breakthroughs in materials…

Introduction The digital revolution has irrevocably transformed how we live, work, and interact. This increased reliance on interconnected systems has, however, created a fertile ground for cyber threats, escalating the…

Introduction Smart manufacturing, the integration of digital technologies into industrial processes, is rapidly transforming the manufacturing landscape. Driven by the need for increased efficiency, flexibility, and resilience, this evolution leverages…

Introduction Cloud computing, once a niche technology, has become the backbone of modern digital infrastructure. Its evolution from nascent virtualization technologies to the sophisticated, multifaceted ecosystem we see today is…

Introduction The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) has spurred a global race to establish effective regulatory frameworks. The potential benefits of AI are enormous, but so are the risks,…