Introduction The concept of “smart cities” – urban areas leveraging technology to improve efficiency, sustainability, and quality of life – has rapidly evolved from a futuristic vision to a global…

Introduction Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) technologies, once relegated to science fiction, are rapidly maturing, finding applications across diverse sectors. Their evolution is driven by advancements in computing…

Introduction The manufacturing landscape is undergoing a radical transformation, driven by the convergence of advanced technologies. Smart manufacturing, the integration of digital technologies into all facets of manufacturing, is at…

Introduction Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming numerous sectors, and healthcare is no exception. Driven by advancements in machine learning, big data analytics, and increased computational power, AI is poised…

Introduction The Internet of Things (IoT), the network of interconnected physical devices embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies for the purpose of exchanging data with other devices and systems…

Introduction Deep learning, a subset of artificial intelligence (AI), has rapidly evolved from a niche research area to a transformative technology impacting numerous sectors. Its foundation lies in artificial neural…